A. Site selection: Based on topography, soil characteristics.
Area: Minimum: 0.4 ha
1. Models of Integration: Direct integration
2. Construction of pigsty for fattening pigs: Floor space 1.25-1.5 m2 per pig, 25% of total floor space required for open run. Height of pigsty 1.5-1.7 m. Floor must be strong, made of two layers, the lower layer of 12.0 cm thickness filled with sand and gravel. The upper layer of 10.5 cm thickness made of bricks soling rough cement mortar pasted. The floor is slightly slanted towards the drainage canal. The canal is connected to the pond through a hard plastic delivery pipe.
3. Pig fattening: A predetermined number of pigs are reared for six months in the pigsty constructed on the widest embankment of the pond. The wastes are collected, mixed with water and spread over the water surface of the pond before stocking. After stocking, the collected wastes is dumped in 4-6 pre-fixed shallow sites of the pond. Urine part and the rest are drained to the pond directly through the delivery pipe.
1. Fish seeds: Catla, rohu, mrigal, silver carp, grass carp, common carp, magur and feather-backs (to be used as biological agent to control weed fishes).
2. Size: Not less than 12.0 cm. Magur not less than 5.0 cm. Major carps stunted seeds (drop) of previous year are preferred.
3. Number: Stocking rate 9000-10000 nos. ha-1 for yearly harvesting system. Magur up to 5% of the total density. Normally 100 feather-backs per ha is sufficient.
4. Feeding: No supplemental feeding other than supply of grass/vegetables to Grass carp.
5. Harvesting of fish: Partial harvesting can be done within 6-7 months. The stock should be replenished according to the species harvested. Final harvesting is done on the 12th month.
1. Breed: Hampshire,HDK-75, Large black, Landrace, Large white Yorkshire are suitable breed. Crossed varieties are better for fattening. For breeding, the boar should preferably be of pure breed.
2. Age: 2-3 months old weaned piglets, average weight not less than 12.0 kg for fattening. For breeding, 5-6 months old female juveniles, 7-8 months old boar. The boar should not be procured from the same farm.
Number: (i) 5-6 piglets per bigha water area for six months fattening.
(ii) 4 (Female) + 1 (male) = 5 pigs per bigha initially for breeding farm
4. Rearing of pigs for fattening: The first batch is introduced at least 15 days ahead of stocking of the pond. After 6 months when the pig attains slaughter maturity of 60- 70 kg then they are disposed.
5. Rearing of pigs for breeding: Sows of 5-6 months and boar of 7-8 months old are brought to the pens. One boar is required for five sows. Production of piglets starts after 6 months of introduction of the breeders into the pens.
6. Pig feed: Pigs can be fed with balanced pig mash concentrate (PMC). Pigs can be raised by feeding locally available feed ingredients also.
1. Fattening pigs: Every six months when average weight reaches 60-70 kg.
2. Piglets: Weaned at the age of 1½ - 2 months, vaccinated specially against swine fever and sold out after 10-15 days of weaning.
1. Stocking of fish: After 10-12 days of application of liquid pig dung, when water takes slight greenish colour. Silver carp should be stocked after one month of stocking of other carps, particularly catla. Stocking should preferably be done in March-April.
2. Water Management of ponds: Monitoring of pH, DO level, alkalinity, hardness Pond bottom raking, Control of algal bloom etc.
3. Liming: Regular liming at monthly interval @5-8 kg/bigha
1. Health care of pigs: Keep pigsty dry and clean, give bath to the pigs at the time of washing the pigsty, Disinfect the pigsty every week with KMnO4 (4 ppm) and CaO (3 ppm) alternatively.
2. Vaccination and medications: Swine fever vaccine, Anthrax Spore Vaccine, Deworming.
Fish: Average production: 460-540 kg/bigha/year.
Pig fattening: @ 6 pigs/bigha/year with a maximum of 5% mortality and average finished weight of 65.0 kg = 780.0 kg/bigha/year
Piglet production: With an average production of 7 piglets / sow/ litter = 56 piglets/bigha/year
The economics of integrated pig (fattening)- fish- horticultural crop production in Pond water area of 0.5 ha is given below
A. Cost Function: Non recurring expenditure
| Sl. No. | Item | Total Expenditure (Rs) | Average Yearly Expenditure (Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|
| i | Renovation of the pond, repairing of the embankments, widening of the pigsty construction site. Life expectancy: 15 years | 65,000.00 | 4,333.00 |
| ii | Construction of the pigsty for 23 pigs. Life expectancy: 20 years | 1,10,000.00 | 5,500.00 |
| iii | Purchasing of a readymade drag net. 65m x 5m #3cm. Life expectancy: 4 years | 10,000.00 | 2,500.00 |
| iv | Purchasing of a water pump. 5HP. Life expectancy: 16 years | 20,000.00 | 1,250.00 |
| v | Setting of a deep tube well. Life expectancy: 20 years | 18,000.00 | 900.00 |
| vi | Purchasing of a cooking vessel, made of cast iron. Life expectancy: 12 years | 1,200.00 | 100.00 |
| vii | Construction of a concrete feed mixing tub. 1.5m x 1.0m x 0.45m. Life expectancy: 12 years | 5,600.00 | 466.00 |
| viii | Construction of a quarantine room. 3.0m x 2.25m. Life expectancy: 20 years | 8,000.00 | 400.00 |
| ix | Purchasing of a wooden thela. Life expectancy: 5 years | 3,800.00 | 760.00 |
| Total | 2,41,600.00 |
16,209.00 Say Rs16,200.00 |
| Sl. No. | Item | Unit | Requirement per ha | Actual requirement | Rate (Rs) | Expenditure (Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| i | Carp fingerlings | No. | 9,000 | 4,500 | 5.00/seed | 22,500.00 |
| ii | Magur seeds | No. | 450 | 225 | 7.00/seed | 1,575.00 |
| iii | Feather-backs | No. | 100 | 50 x 0.05 kg = 2.50 kg | 150.00/kg -1 | 375.00 |
| iv | Lime (CaO) | Kg | 500 | 250 | 15.00/kg-1 | 3,750.00 |
| v | Labour charges | No. | 1 | 1 | 200.00/day-1 | 73,000.00 |
| vi | Partial dewatering and desilting | - | - | - | - | 4,000.00 |
| vii | Cost of seeds, vegetative parts of plants (such as of tapioca), banana rhizomes | - | - | - | - | 1,000.00 |
| Total | 1,06,200.00 |
| Sl. No. | Item | Unit | Requirement per ha | Actual requirement | Rate (Rs) | Expenditure (Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| i | Piglets | No. | 46 x 2 = 92 | 46 | 2000.00 | 92,000.00 |
| ii | Pig feed | Kg | 42,780 | 21,390 | 8.00 | 1,71,120.00 |
| iii | Vaccines, medicines, disinfectants, minor medical aids and consultation fees of veterinary expert | - | - | - | - | 3,500.00 |
| iv | Repairing of pigsty after disposal of the first batch of pigs | - | - | - | - | 4,000.00 |
| v | Cost of POL for water pump | Liter | - | 55 (diesel) 4 (mobil) |
54.00 150.00 | 2,970.00 600.00 |
| vi | Repairing of the water pump and thela | - | - | - | - | 2,000.00 |
| Total | 2,76,190.00 Say, Rs.2,76,200.00 |
(i) Fish:
Carps, @ 3,750 kgha-1yr-1 = 1875 kgyr-1 x Rs.150.00 = Rs. 2,81,250.00
Magur, at 5% mortality and average harvest weight of 150 g = 32 kg x Rs.585.00
=Rs.18,725.00
Feather-backs, at 5% mortality and average harvest weight of 150 g= 7.13 kg x Rs.200.00
= Rs.1426.00
(ii) Pigs: At 5% mortality and with average
Finished weight of 70.0 kg : 3080 kg x Rs.110.00 = Rs. 3,38,800.00
(iii) Horticultural crops:
Banana: 1,500 kg x Rs. 35.00 = Rs. 52,000.00
Arhar: 150 kg x Rs. 60.00 = Rs. 9,000.00
Lemon: 1,500 nos. x Rs. 1.00 = Rs. 1,500.00
Gross income: Rs. 7,02,700.00
(i) Average yearly expenditure of non recurring expenses: =Rs. 16,200.00
(ii) Recurring Expenditure:
Pig farming: = Rs. 2,76,200.00
Fish farming: = Rs. 1,06,200.00
Total :Rs. 3,98,600.00
Interest (10%) : Rs. 39860.00
Total variable cost : Rs. 4,38,460.00
Percent Profit e on the variable expanses =60.27%
Percent profit to turn over = 37.60
BCR = 1.64
Cost-benefit Structure: Variable costs, gross output and net income of integratedpig (breeding)- fish – horticultural crop production system:
Pond water area: 0.5 ha
| Sl. No. | Item | Life expectancy | Total Expenditure (Rs) | Average Yearly Expenditure (Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| i | Renovation of the pond, repairing of the dykes, widening of the pig farrowing pens sites | 15 years | 40,000.00 | 2,666.00 |
| ii | Cost of construction of farrowing pens, boar pens and piglet pens | 20 years | 1,20,000.00 | 6,000.00 |
| iii | Purchasing of portable water pump. 5HP | 16 years | 20,000.00 | 1,250.00 |
| iv | Setting of a deep tube well | 20 years | 18,000.00 | 900.00 |
| v | Purchasing of a cooking vessel, made of cast iron | 12 years | 1,200.00 | 100.00 |
| vi | Construction of a concrete feed mixing tub. 1.5m x 1.0m x 0.45m | 12 years | 5,000.00 | 416.00 |
| vii | Construction of a quarantine room. 3.5m x 2.5m | 20 years | 10,000.00 | 500.00 |
| viii | Purchasing of a wooden thela | 5 years | 3,800.00 | 760.00 |
| ix | Cost of 15 sows 5-6 months old (to be sold out after 26 months and no more purchase) @ Rs. 3500/sow | - | 52,500.00 | - |
| Total | 2,70,500.00 |
12,592.00
Say, 12,600.00 |
(a) Pig breeding unit:
| Sl. No. | Item | Unit | Requirement per ha | Actual requirement per ha | Rate (Rs.) | Expenditure (Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| i | Cost of 3 boars, 7-8 months old (to be sold out after 20 months and to be purchased again) | No. | 6 | 3 | 5,000.00 | 15,000.00 |
| ii | Pig feed | kg | 46,990 | 23,495 | 8.00 | 1,87,960.00 |
| iii | Vaccines, medicines, disinfectants and consultancy fees. | - | - | - | - | 10,000.00 |
| iv | Labour charges | No. | 1 | 1 | 200.00 day-1 | 73,000.00 |
| v | Repairing of the pens after first farrowing | - | - | - | - | 2,000.00 |
| vi | Cost of POL for water pump | liter | - | 80 (diesel) 5 (mobil) |
54.00 150.00 | 4,320.00 750.00 |
| vii | Repairing of the water pump and the thela | - | - | - | - | 2,000.00 |
| Total | 2,95,030.00 Say,2,95,000.00 | |||||
(i) Fish:
Carps, @ 3,750 kgha-1yr-1 = 1875 kgyr-1 x Rs. 150.00 = Rs. 2,81,250.00
Magur, at 5% mortality andaverage harvest weight of 150 g = 32 kg x Rs. 585.00
= Rs.18,725.00
Feather-backs, at 5% mortality and average harvest weight of 150 g
= 7.13 kg x Rs.200.00 = Rs.1,426.00
Average production of 7 piglets / sow / litter
240 piglets yr-1 x Rs.2,000.00 = Rs. 4,80,000.00
Banana: 250 kg x Rs. 35.00 = Rs. 8,750.00
Lemon: 1,500 nos. x Rs. 1.00 = Rs.1,500.00
Gross income: =Rs.7,91,650.00
i. Average yearly expenditureof non recurring expenses = Rs. 12,600.00
ii. Recurring expenditure:
Piglet production: = Rs2,95,000.00
Fish production: = Rs. 1,06,200.00
Total: = Rs. 4,13,800.00
Interest (10%) = Rs 41,380.00
Total variable cost = Rs 4,55,180.00
Percentage return on the variable expenses = 73.92
Percent profit to turnover = 42.50
BCR = 1.74
Jorhat, PIN - 785013 Assam